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Tutuila, American Samoa [SMO]

Location

Country: American Samoa
Latitude: 14.2474° South
Longitude: 170.5644° West
Elevation: 42.00 masl
Time Zone: Local Standard Time + 11.0 hour(s) = UTC

Contact

Address: NOAA Samoa Observatory
P.O. Box 2568
Pago Pago, Cape Matatula, 96799, American Samoa
Phone: 684-258-2848
Fax:

Data

Cooperating Agencies

NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory

The Samoa Observatory is located on the northeastern tip of Tutuila island, American Samoa, on a ridge overlooking the South Pacific Ocean. Established in 1974 on a 26.7 acre site, the observatory is one of four GMD Baseline Observatories. Cape Matatula is approx. 1 km from the village of Tula. Prevailing winds are marine. Since its construction, the Samoa Observatory has survived two major hurricanes with only minor damage. Two staff operate the year-round facility commuting to work. This Observatory has the distinction of obtaining 30% of its daytime power from solar panels.

GML Projects at Tutuila

Carbon Cycle Surface Flasks

Parameter	Formula	First Sample Date	Status
Carbon Dioxide	CO₂	1972-01-15	Ongoing
Methane	CH₄	1983-04-23	Ongoing
Carbon Monoxide	CO	1988-09-22	Ongoing
Molecular Hydrogen	H₂	1989-01-05	Ongoing
Nitrous Oxide	N₂O	1997-05-07	Ongoing
Sulfur Hexafluoride	SF₆	1997-05-07	Ongoing
Sulfur Hexafluoride	SF₆	2023-02-03	Ongoing
Carbon-13/Carbon-12 in Carbon Dioxide	d¹³C (CO₂)	1990-01-04	Ongoing
Oxygen-18/Oxygen-16 in Carbon Dioxide	d¹⁸O (CO₂)	1990-01-04	Ongoing
Carbon-13/Carbon-12 in Methane	d¹³C (CH₄)	1998-01-06	Ongoing
D/H in Methane	dD (CH₄)	2005-03-28	Terminated - 2009-09-11
HFC-134a	CH₂FCF₃	2023-02-03	Ongoing
HCFC-22	CHF₂Cl	2023-02-03	Ongoing
CFC-12	CCl₂F₂	2023-02-03	Ongoing
Methyl Chloride	CH₃Cl	2023-02-03	Ongoing
Methyl Chloride	CH₃Cl	2005-05-12	Terminated - 2018-06-01
CFC-114	CFC-114	2023-02-03	Ongoing
HCFC-142b	CH₃CF₂Cl	2023-02-03	Ongoing
Halon-1211	CBrClF₂	2023-02-03	Ongoing
Methyl Bromide	CH₃Br	2023-02-03	Ongoing
CFC-11	CCl₃F (ion 103)	2023-02-03	Ongoing
HCFC-141b	CH₃CCl₂F	2023-02-03	Ongoing
Methyl Iodide	CH₃I	2023-02-03	Ongoing
CFC-113	CCl₂FCClF₂	2023-02-03	Ongoing
Dichloromethane	CH₂Cl₂	2023-02-03	Ongoing
Chloroform	CHCl₃	2023-02-03	Ongoing
Methyl Chloroform (97)	CH₃CCl₃	2023-02-03	Ongoing
Carbon Tetrachloride	CCl₄	2023-02-03	Ongoing
Methylene Bromide	CH₂Br₂	2023-02-03	Ongoing
Perchloroethylene (PCE)	C₂Cl₄	2023-02-03	Ongoing
Bromoform	CHBr₃	2023-02-03	Ongoing
Benzene	C₆H₆	2023-02-03	Ongoing
Benzene	C₆H₆	2007-01-16	Terminated - 2018-06-01
Carbonyl Sulfide	COS	2023-02-03	Ongoing
HCFC-21	CHCl₂F	2023-02-03	Ongoing
HFC-152a	CH₃CHF₂	2023-02-03	Ongoing
HCFC-124	CHClFCF₃	2023-02-03	Ongoing
Methylbenzene	C₇H₈	2007-01-16	Terminated - 2018-06-01
Carbon Disulfide	CS₂	2023-02-03	Ongoing
Ethane	C₂H₆	2005-05-12	Terminated - 2018-06-01
Ethane	C₂H₆	2023-02-03	Ongoing
Ethylene	C₂H₄	2005-05-12	Terminated - 2018-06-01
Ethylene	C₂H₄	2023-02-03	Ongoing
Propane	C₃H₈	2005-05-12	Terminated - 2018-06-01
Propane	C₃H₈	2023-02-03	Ongoing
Propylene	C₃H₆	2005-05-12	Terminated - 2018-06-01
Propylene	C₃H₆	2023-02-03	Ongoing
Isobutane	i-C₄H₁₀	2005-05-12	Terminated - 2018-06-01
Isobutane	i-C₄H₁₀	2023-02-03	Ongoing
n-Butane	n-C₄H₁₀	2023-02-03	Ongoing
n-Butane	n-C₄H₁₀	2005-05-12	Terminated - 2018-06-01
isopentane	i-C₅H₁₂	2023-02-03	Ongoing
isopentane	i-C₅H₁₂	2005-05-12	Terminated - 2018-06-01
n-Pentane	n-C₅H₁₂	2023-02-03	Ongoing
n-Pentane	n-C₅H₁₂	2005-05-12	Terminated - 2018-06-01
n-Hexane	n-C₆H₁₄	2023-02-03	Ongoing
n-Hexane	n-C₆H₁₄	2005-05-12	Terminated - 2018-06-01
isoprene	C₅H₈	2007-01-16	Terminated - 2018-06-01
Halon-1301	CF₃Br	2023-02-03	Ongoing
Halon-2402	CBrF₂CBrF₂	2023-02-03	Ongoing
HFC-143a	CH₃CF₃	2023-02-03	Ongoing
HFC-227ea	CF₃CHFCF₃	2023-02-03	Ongoing
HFC-365mfc	CH₃CF₂CH₂CF₃	2023-02-03	Ongoing
CFC-115	CClF₂CF₃	2023-02-03	Ongoing
HFC-125	CHF₂CF₃	2023-02-03	Ongoing
CFC-13	CClF₃	2023-02-03	Ongoing
HFC-23	CHF₃	2023-02-03	Ongoing
PFC-218	C₃F₈	2023-02-03	Ongoing
Acetylene	C₂H₂	2023-02-03	Ongoing
Acetylene	C₂H₂	2007-05-25	Terminated - 2018-06-01
HFC-32	CH₂F₂	2023-02-03	Ongoing
HFC-134	CHF₂CHF₂	2023-02-03	Ongoing
Halon-1011	CH₂BrCl	2023-02-03	Ongoing
PFC-14	CF₄	2023-02-03	Ongoing
PFC-116	CF₃CF₃	2023-02-03	Ongoing
Trifluoroamine	NF₃	2023-02-03	Ongoing
Sulfuryl Fluoride	SO₂F₂	2023-02-03	Ongoing
HFC-236fa	CF₃CH₂CF₃	2023-02-03	Ongoing
HCFC-133a	CH₂ClCF₃	2023-02-03	Ongoing
CFC-112	CCl₃CClF₂	2023-02-03	Ongoing
Trichloroethylene (TCE)	C₂HCl₃	2023-02-03	Ongoing
HFO-1234yf	CH₂=CFCF₃	2023-02-03	Ongoing
HFO-1234zeE	CHF=CHCF₃	2023-02-03	Ongoing
ethylene dichloride (1,2 DCE)	CH₂ClCH₂Cl	2023-02-03	Ongoing
HCFC-123	CHCl₂CF₃	2023-02-03	Ongoing
Morpholine	C₅F₁₁NO	2023-02-03	Ongoing
Perfluorotriethylamine (PFTEA)	(C₂F₅)₃N	2023-02-03	Ongoing
Perfluorotripropylamine (PFTPA)	(C₃F₇)₃N	2023-02-03	Ongoing
HFC-245fa		2023-02-03	Ongoing

Carbon Cycle In Situ Observatory

Parameter	Formula	First Sample Date	Status
Carbon Dioxide	CO₂	1976-01-01	Ongoing

HATS Flask Sampling

Parameter	Formula	First Sample Date	Status
HFC-134a	CH₂FCF₃	1994-11-29	Ongoing
HCFC-22	CHF₂Cl	1991-11-26	Ongoing
CFC-12	CCl₂F₂	2010-01-08	Ongoing
Methyl Chloride	CH₃Cl	1993-11-09	Ongoing
HCFC-142b	CH₃CF₂Cl	1992-02-11	Ongoing
Halon-1211	CBrClF₂	1991-12-30	Ongoing
Methyl Bromide	CH₃Br	1993-11-09	Ongoing
HCFC-141b	CH₃CCl₂F	1993-01-14	Ongoing
CFC-113	CCl₂FCClF₂	1991-12-30	Ongoing
Dichloromethane	CH₂Cl₂	1994-01-12	Ongoing
Perchloroethylene (PCE)	C₂Cl₄	1993-12-15	Ongoing
Carbonyl Sulfide	COS	2000-03-07	Ongoing
HFC-152a	CH₃CHF₂	2000-08-09	Ongoing
Halon-2402	CBrF₂CBrF₂	1995-02-13	Ongoing
HFC-227ea	CF₃CHFCF₃	2011-04-06	Ongoing
HFC-365mfc	CH₃CF₂CH₂CF₃	2009-07-02	Ongoing
Methyl Chloroform	CH₃CCl₃	1991-11-26	Ongoing
CFC-11	CCl₃F	2010-01-08	Ongoing

HATS In Situ Observatory

Parameter	Formula	First Sample Date	Status
Nitrous Oxide	N₂O	1998-12-08	Ongoing
Sulfur Hexafluoride	SF₆	1998-12-03	Ongoing
HCFC-22	CHF₂Cl	1999-02-16	Ongoing
CFC-12	CCl₂F₂	1998-12-04	Ongoing
Methyl Chloride	CH₃Cl	1999-01-28	Ongoing
HCFC-142b	CH₃CF₂Cl	1999-01-28	Ongoing
Halon-1211	CBrClF₂	1999-03-02	Ongoing
CFC-113	CCl₂FCClF₂	1998-12-03	Ongoing
Carbon Tetrachloride	CCl₄	1998-12-04	Ongoing
Methyl Chloroform	CH₃CCl₃	1998-12-08	Ongoing
CFC-11	CCl₃F	1998-12-08	Ongoing

Aerosol Surface In-Situ

Parameter	Formula	First Sample Date	Status
Light Scattering Coefficient	σ_sp	1977-01-01	Terminated - 1991-01-01
Particle Number Concentration	N_t	1977-01-01	Ongoing

Radiation In-Situ Observatory

Parameter	First Sample Date	Status
Direct Normal	1976-02-01	Ongoing
Downwelling Shortwave	1976-02-01	Ongoing
Diffuse	1995-08-21	Ongoing
Downwelling Longwave	1999-08-06	Ongoing

Surface Ozone

Parameter	Formula	First Sample Date	Status
Ozone	O₃	1975-12-14	Ongoing

Dobson Total Ozone

Parameter	Formula	First Sample Date	Status
Ozone	O₃	1976-01-02	Ongoing

Ozonesonde

Meteorology

Parameter	Formula	First Sample Date	Status
Wind Speed	ws	1976-01-21	Ongoing
Wind Direction	wd	1976-01-21	Ongoing
Temperature	temp	1976-01-05	Ongoing
Ambient Pressure	press	1976-01-09	Ongoing
Relative Humidity	rh	1976-01-06	Ongoing